I’m not talking about dead birds or collateral damage due to construction. I really wonder how wind turbines affect the environment.
First, let’s follow the thought process for using/burning hydrocarbons. They’re useful, available, relatively cheap. And no single use or user can ever produce enough carbon to cause problems. However there are billions of single users and the collective impact may lead to something problematic.
Returning to wind, we know that it’s useful, available, and slightly more expensive than fossil fuels, but relatively cheap to harness. No single turbine seems to be enough to modify the local climate. But what if you put a few hundred thousand in the midwest?
Well, some scientists, at least, are taking a look. Referring to a 2004 study,
Our results suggest that on a global scale the answer to this question is no. Unless the use of wind power grows so large that it supplies roughly as much power as the entire current global electric power system, the large-scale climatic effects of wind power will likely be negligible. It is plausible, however, that significant local climate change could occur in areas where wind farms are concentrated even if wind supplies a small fraction of global electricity demand.
A chance of significant climate change in the Midwest? Sounds promising.